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About Cyprus
A Brief History of Cyprus
When we speak of the past of Cyprus, we must bear in mind that we are speaking of a country which prides itself on being a continuation of one of the world's oldest civilizations.
As per ancient myth, the Birthplace of Aphrodite ("Petra tou Romiou") near Paphos, meaning Cyprus Goddess of beauty is according to ancient myths, Aphrodite, goddess of beauty, fertility, and in the final analysis, of life itself and omnipotent nature, was of Cypriot origin, and was born from the waves off the coast of Cyprus. If were truly possible to seek scientific knowledge as codified expression in ancient myths, then we should consider the link between Cyprus and its great goddess Aphrodite, especially successful. Aphrodite was horn from the sea. And so was Cyprus.
Goddess Aphrodite's sanctuary (Old Paphos)
Cyprus was created many millions of years ago, in the depths of a great ocean, remnants of which constitute the Mediterranean, the Caspian Sea and the Black Sea. The creation of Cyprus was due to underwater volcanic activity and other more complicated processes. In addition, the convergence of Africa towards Eurasia resulted in pressure on the Earth's outer mantle which was thus raised up. This process of elevation went on for many millions of years until the mantic reached sea level and above. Meaning, 30 million years ago, two islands existed here, which are none other than the two mountain ranges of Cyprus. During the next 20 million years, the continuing elevation and the erosion and deposits of the sea resulted in the unification of the two islands. These processes continued during the last 10 million years, and formed Cyprus as we know it.
Among the first evidence of life on the island were the conifer trees and other types of vegetation, various birds, rodents and large mammals such as elephants and hippopotami. These had swum here from surrounding continental shores, as, prior to the melting of the glaciers and the rise of the sea level, distances were much smaller. In the thousands of years which followed, the elephants and hippopotami adapted to local conditions and gradually also became much smaller.
Eventually the first men arrived on the island. They too must have come from neighbouring shores on primitive rafts. Why did they come? We do not know. Perhaps they were forced to migrate by some natural catastrophe, or simply through an innate tendency for adventure and the fascination of exploring the unknown. Today the peak of the Troodos range, the highest in Cyprus is an object of great interest to geologists who climb there in order to study the ocean's depths. Many low and even high - lying areas are strewn with fossilised sea shells that bear witness to the fact that these regions were once at the bottom of the sea.
Cyprus information Part 1
We do not know exactly when the first settlers came to Cyprus. The oldest testimony we have until today, of the existence of human life on this island came from a small archaeological area in Akrotiri, Limassol, which dates to 8500 BC. Nevertheless, our knowledge concerning ancient Cypriots greatly increases from the year 7000 BC onwards, due to the excavation and study of significant sites, such as the Neolithic settlements of Choirokoitia and Kalavasos, and other parts of the island. From the settlements themselves and objects found there we can seek the high cultural level of those people, their way of life, and their capabilities. They concerned themselves with agriculture, animal breeding, hunting and fishing. They had developed a mixed economy, lived in well-organized small communities, were skilled in sewing and other crafts, decorated their stone vessels with attractive designs, were aware of the concept of divinity, performed rituals and traded among themselves and with others outside Cyprus. We know this for a fact, because many of the findings here were made of stone not found in Cyprus.
Mycenaean crater from Engomi (near Famagusta) depicting scenes from Homer's Iliad - early 14th century BC. The Neolithic Age of prehistoric Cyprus, which began in 7000 SC, continued until 3900 BC. From 3900 BC: to 2500 BC we had what is known as the Chalcolithic Age, (the age of stone and also of copper). Copper was the great Cypriot discovery which was to radically alter the whole course of Cyprus.
This precious metal, great quantities of which were to be found deep in the earth of Cyprus, must have been discovered by chance, in the form of superficial deposits which melted after a fire. However, many centuries were to pass from the moment that man touched the first piece of copper until the point when they discovered that this metal could be worked on in order to create many useful things. When they did eventually learn how to mine and process copper, a period of rapid development ensued.
Then followed a period when the whole of Cyprus flourished and prospered greatly; the Bronze Age (2500 - 1050 BC).The main characteristic of this period was the exploitation to the full of the mineral wealth of Cyprus, and in particular copper (cuprum in Latin), the metal which rook the name of Cyprus itself (Kypros in Greek) and by which it is known in many languages. Cyprus traded in copper throughout the Mediterranean, receiving in return much wealth and knowledge. Great cities developed on the island - with busy cosmopolitan ports. And since commercial transaction involved human contact, and the exchange of ideas, knowledge and even philosophies and religions, Cyprus became an important crossroads of civilizations, as a result of its position among the three continents of Europe, Asia and Africa.
Since wealth and prosperity are like magnetic poles, they brought large numbers of people to the island. Some came as conquerors - like the Assyrians and the Persians, and remained for varying periods, without acquiring permanent roots. Others came to colonize the island, in search of a new homeland and brought with them their own civilization. This is how the Greeks came to Cyprus, particularly between the 14th and 12th centuries BC. The largest waves of migrants came after the end of the Trojan War, in the 12th and 11th centuries BC. A little later the Phoenicians were to settle in Cyprus in the same spirit and not as conquerors.
Cyprus information Part 2
The Greeks, who preceded them, established new large and important cities in Cyprus. Indeed, as carriers of a more significant civilization, they soon prevailed over the old inhabitants of the island, whom they gradually assimilated into their civilization. Thus Cyprus became entirely Greek. In accordance with the Hellenic system, where each city was a separate independent state, Cyprus was divided into 12 kingdoms. Most of these were important and survived over 800 years. Others collapsed sooner for various reasons.
The typical Ancient Greek Theatre, at Soloi has been under Turkish occupation since 1974. In some of these kingdoms, and especially Kition (now Larnaca), the Phoenicians prevailed, and their kings were Phoenicians. In others, Greeks and Phoenicians ruled by turns, while most were, from start to finish, purely Greek. These include Salamis, Paphos, Soloi, Ledra (now Nicosia), Chytrae, Curium and Marion.
Early Christian Basilica of Soloi has been under Turkish occupation since 1974. Following a brief subjugation by the Egyptians, both Egypt and Cyprus were conquered by the Persians in 546 BC. In spite of the fact that the Persian conquest of Cyprus permitted the island's kingdoms to continue to be autonomous and self-ruling, subjugation could not be endured, what ever its form. Thus we read of repeated uprisings and revolutions by the Cypriots against the Persians, as well as a series of campaigns by Greeks, and particularly Athenians, with the aim of liberating Cyprus. However, despite the hard struggles, liberation came much later, in 332 BC. This was the time when, in a tempestuous advance, the Macedonian King Alexander the Great, at the head of the united Greeks, was defeating the vast Persian Empire. Following Alexander's first victories in Asia Minor, the Cypriots quickly rid themselves of the Persian yoke and wore united with him.
One of the most important Kingdoms of Ancient Cyprus, during the Hellenistic times was The Curium. "The Nymphaeon" is a Temple dedicated to the Nymphs. As was his habit, Alexander allowed the Cypriots to remain autonomous and to govern themselves in the framework of the new world he was creating.
The Ancient Greek Gymnasium of Salamis-Hellenistic and Roman periods, have been under Turkish occupation since 1974. Following the death of Alexander in Babylon in 323 BC, his enormous empire-state was divided among his heirs. The Kingdoms of Cyprus then found themselves in the difficult position of having to select their new alliances. Some Cypriot kings supported Antigonus, who had become king of Syria, while others allied themselves to Ptolemy, who was now king of Egypt. After a period of harsh wars amongst the Cypriots themselves, and also troops sent by Antigonus and Ptolemy, Cyprus was won by Ptolemy, who abolished the small kingdoms, and unified Cyprus, which he incorporated in his state, who'se capital was Alexandria in Egypt.
Cyprus remained under the rule of the Greek dynasty of Ptolemies for over three centuries, surrounded by a world known as Hellenistic. During this time, the Phoenicians and various others who lived in Cyprus were forced to fully accept Hellenistic civilization, and thus the island was entirely Hellenized. Each city acquired a more democratic way of government, was ruled by elected leaders and took care of its own affairs. The capital city was Paphos.
Cyprus information Part 3
After the defeat by Rome of the renowned queen of Egypt and Cyprus Cleopatra VII and her lover Mark Anthony, in 31 BC, both Egypt and Cyprus were placed under the sovereignty of Rome. The Roman domination of Cyprus did not end for another three and a half centuries. Conditions were peaceful, since no one in the region could threaten the all-powerful Roman Empire, and the Greek cities of Cyprus continued to flourish, develop and govern themselves.
The most significant event in the period of Roman occupation was undoubtedly the spread of Christianity. Cyprus was one of the first countries to receive the preaching of the new religion. There were two apostolic visits to Cyprus. One was in 45 AL), and involved Apostles Paul, Barnabas and Mark (the last two, who were related, were of Cypriot origin). In the capital Paphos, the Apostles managed to convert the Roman Governor of the time, Sergius Paulus, to Christianity, as we are informed by the Acts of the Apostles. Thus Cyprus became the first country to be governed by a Christian.
In the 4th century AD, the vast Roman Empire was spilt in two - the Western State, with Rome as its capital, and the Eastern State with Constantinople as the capital city. The Eastern State, which Cyprus joined, quickly developed into the Greek state of Byzantium.
Cyprus remained a part of the Byzantine Empire for 8 centuries. This was a particularly fruitful period, during which the Greek Orthodox faith became finally and entirely established, the Hellenic nature of the island had no difficulty in assimilating this. Of all the brilliant ancient and medieval monuments with which Cyprus is strewn, only the small humble Byzantine churches found throughout the island, retain their original purpose. In addition, the large monasteries founded by Byzantine Emperors continue, in many ways, to dominate the life of the country.
During the intense conflicts between the Byzantine and the Arabs, from the middle of the 7th century to the end of the 10th century, Cyprus became the outpost of Christendom in the East, and suffered a great series of Arabic raids. At this time the important ancient coastal towns were totally and irrevocably wiped out, and the capital, which was for the time Salamis or Constantia (after the name of Emperor Constantius) was moved from the coast to the interior of the island, to a small agricultural settlement called Lefcosia (today's Nicosia).
The Byzantine period of Cyprus history ended in 1191, when, at the time of the third crusade, the English king Richard I the Lionheart conquered the island and sold it first to the Templar Knights and later to the French nobleman and former king of Jerusalem, Guy de Lusignan.
Cyprus information Part 4
Cyprus then became a medieval kingdom in accordance with the European feudal model. The Frankish period was between 1192 and 1489. It was an important period during which Cyprus became a centre for transit trade between east and west, acquired great wealth and was adorned with many impressive buildings. The most important cities (Nicosia, Famagusta and Kyrenia) were surrounded by mighty walls. Powerful fortresses were built in many other parts of the island. This period witness the region of a total of 17 kings of the De Lusignan dynasty. The last of these was the queen of Venetian origin, Catherine Cornaro, who - when the Venetians killed her husband King James, and made her a widow - was forced to transfer her rights on Cyprus to Venice.
Cyprus remained the property of Venice for 82 years. In 1570 the Ottoman Turks invaded the island. The capital Nicosia which stood a siege of 45 days before falling to the conqueror, only the powerfully fortified and valiantly defended Famagusta resisted with success. Despite being besieged by 200,000 enemy troops and defended by only 8000 Venetians and Greeks. During the 11 months of the siege, the Turks attacked the city with 163,000 shells. The Turks lost 80,000 men before the walls, and failed to conquer the city, which finally capitulated in August 1571 when not a single grain of wheat or handful of gunpowder was left. Despite the agreement made for the safe departure of the remaining defenders of the city, they were all slaughtered, and their Leader Mark Antony Bragadin, was tortured savagely and died while being flayed alive.
They followed three centuries of Ottoman rule, characterised mainly by the almost complete spiritual and cultural isolation of Cyprus from Europe. As a small and relatively out-off province of the Ottoman Empire, Cyprus was left to fall into a state of economic, social and cultural decline. Almost the entire population, including the church leaders, could neither read nor write.
During the Ottoman occupation there were several revolutionary movements. Some were nationalistic (their aim was liberation from the Turkish yoke), while others were social in nature, (aiming at better living conditions).
In 1878, following a deal with Sultan Abdul Hamit, Cyprus was handed over to Great Britain. This, among much else, meant that Cyprus became linked once more with Europe (economically, socially and culturally). Although the English Colonial period was a time of harsh exploitation of the Cypriot people, it must not be forgotten that it was during this period that the foundations were laid for a state of law which functioned in all sectors.
Cyprus became independent in 1960, following 4 years of armed liberation struggle.
There followed a period of development and progress, which sadly was violently cut short in the summer of 1974 by the invasion by Turkey and the occupation, which is still going on, of the northern part of the island.
Today Cyprus experiences great progress, but is still faced with the great problem of its division, which Turkey imposed by force. The island, which was not only not absent from both World Wars, but, on the contrary, paid dearly in blood by fighting at the side of the British and the other allies, has every right to finally taste the fruit of the tree of peace.
Guide to Living in Cyprus
Cyprus is the third largest island in the Mediterranean. It is situated at crossroads of Europe, Africa and Asia, lying close to the busy trade routes connecting Western Europe with the Middle and Far East.
This superb location has been instrumental in establishing Cyprus as a major centre for Offshore Companies.
Cyprus can best be described as an island of contrast and harmony. It is an island of considerable natural beauty and is blessed with a strong cultural legacy, both past and present.
Cyprus offers a pleasant Mediterranean climate of mild winters and long warm summer days. There are approximately three hundred days of sunshine every year and the temperature rarely drops below sixteen degrees. The light rainy season comes between November and March, making Cyprus a perfect destination both for holidays and permanent residence.
Paphos is the home of Aphrodite, Goddess of Love and Beauty. In 1980 UNESCO listed Paphos as a World Heritage Town in recognition of the wealth of natural beauty and archaeological sites found in the area. Paphos is considered many to be one of the most attractive regions in Cyprus. It offers an enviable combination of beautiful natural environment and attractive modern developments.
The Paphos International Airport is 11km away from the town centre.
Standards of Living
Cyprus enjoys a high European standard of living whilst the cost of living remains relatively low.
Money
The currency of Cyprus is the Cyprus Pound, which is divided into 100 cents. Coins: 50 cents, 20 cents, 10 cents, 5 cents, 2 cents, 1 cent. Bank Notes - Cyprus Pounds: £20, £10, £5, £1.
Weights and Measures
The Metric System is used in Cyprus.
Food
Cyprus offers an excellent variety of fresh and in-expensive fruit, vegetables, fish and meat. Because of the mild Paphos climate, an abundance of fresh fruit and vegetables grow throughout the year. The large hypermarkets also offer a wide selection of imported products. Cypriot restaurants offer traditional Cypriot food and Paphos also boasts a variety of International cuisines including French, Italian, Chinese, Indian and Mexican.
Shopping
Shopping in Cyprus is less hectic than in most European countries. It is a casual and relaxed experience to be enjoyed at your own pace.On Wednesday & Saturdays shops close half day, finishing at 2pm.
Clothing
Most clothes can be bought at reasonable prices. A tailor-made suit will cost approximately CYP £100. Children's and baby clothes are reasonably priced too. Ladies' and Gentlemen's leather shoes are of very high quality, and cost around CYP £20 per pair.
Alcohol and Tobacco
Cyprus offers an excellent selection of local and imported wines and spirits at very reasonable prices.
A good bottle of local red wine, for example Othello, costs around CYP £2 and a good medium sweet white wine, Thisbe, costs about the same. Another local speciality is the Cyprus Brandy, of which a good quality bottle may cost around CYP £3 or more.
The prices of cigarettes range from CYP £0.90 to CYP £1.90 for a pack of 20 with most brands available at kiosks and supermarkets.
Domestic Appliances
A wide variety of leading brand names are available at very competitive prices. For example a Washing Machine costs around CYP £300, a Tumble Dryer around CYP £250 and a Fridge-Freezer around CYP £350. All reputable companies offer a one-year warranty on their electrical goods.
Guide to Living in Cyprus
Church Services
Cyprus is a Greek Orthodox country but other nominations such as the Anglican and Roman Catholic Churches hold regular Sunday Services and other religious Services notably at Christmas and Easter.
Language
Obviously the main language spoken in Cyprus is Greek but over 85% of the population speaks English, as Cyprus was once a British Colony. Most shop signs, street signs and road signs are in both languages.
Temporary Residence Permit
Temporary Residence is easy to obtain subject to your application meeting certain requirements.
Application must be made to the Immigration Office together with a certificate from your local Bank showing that you have an external account and stating the balance. Obviously, the larger the balance the more favourably the application will be considered.
Banking Standards
The Cyprus banking system is similar to that of the English system. As a non-Cypriot you will need to open an external account.
There are many International Banks throughout the island and all major credit cards are accepted.
It is also advisable to make arrangements to have all your bills paid by standing order, especially especially when not living in Cyprus all the time.
Legal System
The Cyprus Legal System is very sophisticated and is based on the British System. Non-Cypriots buying property in Cyprus can proceed with confidence knowing that they can obtain their Title Deeds through their lawyer. Legal costs are very reasonable.
Education
There are Kindergarten, Junior and Secondary private (fee paying) schools available to both Cypriot and non-Cypriot students.
Should you wish your child to attend a Government school, a comprehensive knowledge of the Greek language is essential.
The international School of Paphos is well established with a reputation of a high standard of examination results.
The Family Pets
Should you intend to bring your dog or cat lo Cyprus they must have had all the necessary vaccinations and health checks before leaving your country. The system known as Pet Tagging has been adopted throughout the EU.
Making Friends
Cypriot people are famous for their friendliness and hospitality and there are plenty of social events and associations to help you meet new friends. By buying property from our company you are joining a family of more than one thousand existing clients whom you may contact through our Customer Service Department.
Going Out
If you are looking for a fun night out, then Kato Paphos is the place to be. There are a number of cafes, restaurants and ice-cream parlours along the harbour. Close to the seafront, in Ayiou Antoniou Street, known locally as night life street, are many bars, restaurants and discos to suit all ages.
When we speak of the past of Cyprus, we must bear in mind that we are speaking of a country which prides itself on being a continuation of one of the world's oldest civilizations.
As per ancient myth, the Birthplace of Aphrodite ("Petra tou Romiou") near Paphos, meaning Cyprus Goddess of beauty is according to ancient myths, Aphrodite, goddess of beauty, fertility, and in the final analysis, of life itself and omnipotent nature, was of Cypriot origin, and was born from the waves off the coast of Cyprus. If were truly possible to seek scientific knowledge as codified expression in ancient myths, then we should consider the link between Cyprus and its great goddess Aphrodite, especially successful. Aphrodite was horn from the sea. And so was Cyprus.
Goddess Aphrodite's sanctuary (Old Paphos)
Cyprus was created many millions of years ago, in the depths of a great ocean, remnants of which constitute the Mediterranean, the Caspian Sea and the Black Sea. The creation of Cyprus was due to underwater volcanic activity and other more complicated processes. In addition, the convergence of Africa towards Eurasia resulted in pressure on the Earth's outer mantle which was thus raised up. This process of elevation went on for many millions of years until the mantic reached sea level and above. Meaning, 30 million years ago, two islands existed here, which are none other than the two mountain ranges of Cyprus. During the next 20 million years, the continuing elevation and the erosion and deposits of the sea resulted in the unification of the two islands. These processes continued during the last 10 million years, and formed Cyprus as we know it.
Among the first evidence of life on the island were the conifer trees and other types of vegetation, various birds, rodents and large mammals such as elephants and hippopotami. These had swum here from surrounding continental shores, as, prior to the melting of the glaciers and the rise of the sea level, distances were much smaller. In the thousands of years which followed, the elephants and hippopotami adapted to local conditions and gradually also became much smaller.
Eventually the first men arrived on the island. They too must have come from neighbouring shores on primitive rafts. Why did they come? We do not know. Perhaps they were forced to migrate by some natural catastrophe, or simply through an innate tendency for adventure and the fascination of exploring the unknown. Today the peak of the Troodos range, the highest in Cyprus is an object of great interest to geologists who climb there in order to study the ocean's depths. Many low and even high - lying areas are strewn with fossilised sea shells that bear witness to the fact that these regions were once at the bottom of the sea.
Cyprus information Part 1
We do not know exactly when the first settlers came to Cyprus. The oldest testimony we have until today, of the existence of human life on this island came from a small archaeological area in Akrotiri, Limassol, which dates to 8500 BC. Nevertheless, our knowledge concerning ancient Cypriots greatly increases from the year 7000 BC onwards, due to the excavation and study of significant sites, such as the Neolithic settlements of Choirokoitia and Kalavasos, and other parts of the island. From the settlements themselves and objects found there we can seek the high cultural level of those people, their way of life, and their capabilities. They concerned themselves with agriculture, animal breeding, hunting and fishing. They had developed a mixed economy, lived in well-organized small communities, were skilled in sewing and other crafts, decorated their stone vessels with attractive designs, were aware of the concept of divinity, performed rituals and traded among themselves and with others outside Cyprus. We know this for a fact, because many of the findings here were made of stone not found in Cyprus.
Mycenaean crater from Engomi (near Famagusta) depicting scenes from Homer's Iliad - early 14th century BC. The Neolithic Age of prehistoric Cyprus, which began in 7000 SC, continued until 3900 BC. From 3900 BC: to 2500 BC we had what is known as the Chalcolithic Age, (the age of stone and also of copper). Copper was the great Cypriot discovery which was to radically alter the whole course of Cyprus.
This precious metal, great quantities of which were to be found deep in the earth of Cyprus, must have been discovered by chance, in the form of superficial deposits which melted after a fire. However, many centuries were to pass from the moment that man touched the first piece of copper until the point when they discovered that this metal could be worked on in order to create many useful things. When they did eventually learn how to mine and process copper, a period of rapid development ensued.
Then followed a period when the whole of Cyprus flourished and prospered greatly; the Bronze Age (2500 - 1050 BC).The main characteristic of this period was the exploitation to the full of the mineral wealth of Cyprus, and in particular copper (cuprum in Latin), the metal which rook the name of Cyprus itself (Kypros in Greek) and by which it is known in many languages. Cyprus traded in copper throughout the Mediterranean, receiving in return much wealth and knowledge. Great cities developed on the island - with busy cosmopolitan ports. And since commercial transaction involved human contact, and the exchange of ideas, knowledge and even philosophies and religions, Cyprus became an important crossroads of civilizations, as a result of its position among the three continents of Europe, Asia and Africa.
Since wealth and prosperity are like magnetic poles, they brought large numbers of people to the island. Some came as conquerors - like the Assyrians and the Persians, and remained for varying periods, without acquiring permanent roots. Others came to colonize the island, in search of a new homeland and brought with them their own civilization. This is how the Greeks came to Cyprus, particularly between the 14th and 12th centuries BC. The largest waves of migrants came after the end of the Trojan War, in the 12th and 11th centuries BC. A little later the Phoenicians were to settle in Cyprus in the same spirit and not as conquerors.
Cyprus information Part 2
The Greeks, who preceded them, established new large and important cities in Cyprus. Indeed, as carriers of a more significant civilization, they soon prevailed over the old inhabitants of the island, whom they gradually assimilated into their civilization. Thus Cyprus became entirely Greek. In accordance with the Hellenic system, where each city was a separate independent state, Cyprus was divided into 12 kingdoms. Most of these were important and survived over 800 years. Others collapsed sooner for various reasons.
The typical Ancient Greek Theatre, at Soloi has been under Turkish occupation since 1974. In some of these kingdoms, and especially Kition (now Larnaca), the Phoenicians prevailed, and their kings were Phoenicians. In others, Greeks and Phoenicians ruled by turns, while most were, from start to finish, purely Greek. These include Salamis, Paphos, Soloi, Ledra (now Nicosia), Chytrae, Curium and Marion.
Early Christian Basilica of Soloi has been under Turkish occupation since 1974. Following a brief subjugation by the Egyptians, both Egypt and Cyprus were conquered by the Persians in 546 BC. In spite of the fact that the Persian conquest of Cyprus permitted the island's kingdoms to continue to be autonomous and self-ruling, subjugation could not be endured, what ever its form. Thus we read of repeated uprisings and revolutions by the Cypriots against the Persians, as well as a series of campaigns by Greeks, and particularly Athenians, with the aim of liberating Cyprus. However, despite the hard struggles, liberation came much later, in 332 BC. This was the time when, in a tempestuous advance, the Macedonian King Alexander the Great, at the head of the united Greeks, was defeating the vast Persian Empire. Following Alexander's first victories in Asia Minor, the Cypriots quickly rid themselves of the Persian yoke and wore united with him.
One of the most important Kingdoms of Ancient Cyprus, during the Hellenistic times was The Curium. "The Nymphaeon" is a Temple dedicated to the Nymphs. As was his habit, Alexander allowed the Cypriots to remain autonomous and to govern themselves in the framework of the new world he was creating.
The Ancient Greek Gymnasium of Salamis-Hellenistic and Roman periods, have been under Turkish occupation since 1974. Following the death of Alexander in Babylon in 323 BC, his enormous empire-state was divided among his heirs. The Kingdoms of Cyprus then found themselves in the difficult position of having to select their new alliances. Some Cypriot kings supported Antigonus, who had become king of Syria, while others allied themselves to Ptolemy, who was now king of Egypt. After a period of harsh wars amongst the Cypriots themselves, and also troops sent by Antigonus and Ptolemy, Cyprus was won by Ptolemy, who abolished the small kingdoms, and unified Cyprus, which he incorporated in his state, who'se capital was Alexandria in Egypt.
Cyprus remained under the rule of the Greek dynasty of Ptolemies for over three centuries, surrounded by a world known as Hellenistic. During this time, the Phoenicians and various others who lived in Cyprus were forced to fully accept Hellenistic civilization, and thus the island was entirely Hellenized. Each city acquired a more democratic way of government, was ruled by elected leaders and took care of its own affairs. The capital city was Paphos.
Cyprus information Part 3
After the defeat by Rome of the renowned queen of Egypt and Cyprus Cleopatra VII and her lover Mark Anthony, in 31 BC, both Egypt and Cyprus were placed under the sovereignty of Rome. The Roman domination of Cyprus did not end for another three and a half centuries. Conditions were peaceful, since no one in the region could threaten the all-powerful Roman Empire, and the Greek cities of Cyprus continued to flourish, develop and govern themselves.
The most significant event in the period of Roman occupation was undoubtedly the spread of Christianity. Cyprus was one of the first countries to receive the preaching of the new religion. There were two apostolic visits to Cyprus. One was in 45 AL), and involved Apostles Paul, Barnabas and Mark (the last two, who were related, were of Cypriot origin). In the capital Paphos, the Apostles managed to convert the Roman Governor of the time, Sergius Paulus, to Christianity, as we are informed by the Acts of the Apostles. Thus Cyprus became the first country to be governed by a Christian.
In the 4th century AD, the vast Roman Empire was spilt in two - the Western State, with Rome as its capital, and the Eastern State with Constantinople as the capital city. The Eastern State, which Cyprus joined, quickly developed into the Greek state of Byzantium.
Cyprus remained a part of the Byzantine Empire for 8 centuries. This was a particularly fruitful period, during which the Greek Orthodox faith became finally and entirely established, the Hellenic nature of the island had no difficulty in assimilating this. Of all the brilliant ancient and medieval monuments with which Cyprus is strewn, only the small humble Byzantine churches found throughout the island, retain their original purpose. In addition, the large monasteries founded by Byzantine Emperors continue, in many ways, to dominate the life of the country.
During the intense conflicts between the Byzantine and the Arabs, from the middle of the 7th century to the end of the 10th century, Cyprus became the outpost of Christendom in the East, and suffered a great series of Arabic raids. At this time the important ancient coastal towns were totally and irrevocably wiped out, and the capital, which was for the time Salamis or Constantia (after the name of Emperor Constantius) was moved from the coast to the interior of the island, to a small agricultural settlement called Lefcosia (today's Nicosia).
The Byzantine period of Cyprus history ended in 1191, when, at the time of the third crusade, the English king Richard I the Lionheart conquered the island and sold it first to the Templar Knights and later to the French nobleman and former king of Jerusalem, Guy de Lusignan.
Cyprus information Part 4
Cyprus then became a medieval kingdom in accordance with the European feudal model. The Frankish period was between 1192 and 1489. It was an important period during which Cyprus became a centre for transit trade between east and west, acquired great wealth and was adorned with many impressive buildings. The most important cities (Nicosia, Famagusta and Kyrenia) were surrounded by mighty walls. Powerful fortresses were built in many other parts of the island. This period witness the region of a total of 17 kings of the De Lusignan dynasty. The last of these was the queen of Venetian origin, Catherine Cornaro, who - when the Venetians killed her husband King James, and made her a widow - was forced to transfer her rights on Cyprus to Venice.
Cyprus remained the property of Venice for 82 years. In 1570 the Ottoman Turks invaded the island. The capital Nicosia which stood a siege of 45 days before falling to the conqueror, only the powerfully fortified and valiantly defended Famagusta resisted with success. Despite being besieged by 200,000 enemy troops and defended by only 8000 Venetians and Greeks. During the 11 months of the siege, the Turks attacked the city with 163,000 shells. The Turks lost 80,000 men before the walls, and failed to conquer the city, which finally capitulated in August 1571 when not a single grain of wheat or handful of gunpowder was left. Despite the agreement made for the safe departure of the remaining defenders of the city, they were all slaughtered, and their Leader Mark Antony Bragadin, was tortured savagely and died while being flayed alive.
They followed three centuries of Ottoman rule, characterised mainly by the almost complete spiritual and cultural isolation of Cyprus from Europe. As a small and relatively out-off province of the Ottoman Empire, Cyprus was left to fall into a state of economic, social and cultural decline. Almost the entire population, including the church leaders, could neither read nor write.
During the Ottoman occupation there were several revolutionary movements. Some were nationalistic (their aim was liberation from the Turkish yoke), while others were social in nature, (aiming at better living conditions).
In 1878, following a deal with Sultan Abdul Hamit, Cyprus was handed over to Great Britain. This, among much else, meant that Cyprus became linked once more with Europe (economically, socially and culturally). Although the English Colonial period was a time of harsh exploitation of the Cypriot people, it must not be forgotten that it was during this period that the foundations were laid for a state of law which functioned in all sectors.
Cyprus became independent in 1960, following 4 years of armed liberation struggle.
There followed a period of development and progress, which sadly was violently cut short in the summer of 1974 by the invasion by Turkey and the occupation, which is still going on, of the northern part of the island.
Today Cyprus experiences great progress, but is still faced with the great problem of its division, which Turkey imposed by force. The island, which was not only not absent from both World Wars, but, on the contrary, paid dearly in blood by fighting at the side of the British and the other allies, has every right to finally taste the fruit of the tree of peace.
Guide to Living in Cyprus
Cyprus is the third largest island in the Mediterranean. It is situated at crossroads of Europe, Africa and Asia, lying close to the busy trade routes connecting Western Europe with the Middle and Far East.
This superb location has been instrumental in establishing Cyprus as a major centre for Offshore Companies.
Cyprus can best be described as an island of contrast and harmony. It is an island of considerable natural beauty and is blessed with a strong cultural legacy, both past and present.
Cyprus offers a pleasant Mediterranean climate of mild winters and long warm summer days. There are approximately three hundred days of sunshine every year and the temperature rarely drops below sixteen degrees. The light rainy season comes between November and March, making Cyprus a perfect destination both for holidays and permanent residence.
Paphos is the home of Aphrodite, Goddess of Love and Beauty. In 1980 UNESCO listed Paphos as a World Heritage Town in recognition of the wealth of natural beauty and archaeological sites found in the area. Paphos is considered many to be one of the most attractive regions in Cyprus. It offers an enviable combination of beautiful natural environment and attractive modern developments.
The Paphos International Airport is 11km away from the town centre.
Standards of Living
Cyprus enjoys a high European standard of living whilst the cost of living remains relatively low.
Money
The currency of Cyprus is the Cyprus Pound, which is divided into 100 cents. Coins: 50 cents, 20 cents, 10 cents, 5 cents, 2 cents, 1 cent. Bank Notes - Cyprus Pounds: £20, £10, £5, £1.
Weights and Measures
The Metric System is used in Cyprus.
Food
Cyprus offers an excellent variety of fresh and in-expensive fruit, vegetables, fish and meat. Because of the mild Paphos climate, an abundance of fresh fruit and vegetables grow throughout the year. The large hypermarkets also offer a wide selection of imported products. Cypriot restaurants offer traditional Cypriot food and Paphos also boasts a variety of International cuisines including French, Italian, Chinese, Indian and Mexican.
Shopping
Shopping in Cyprus is less hectic than in most European countries. It is a casual and relaxed experience to be enjoyed at your own pace.On Wednesday & Saturdays shops close half day, finishing at 2pm.
Clothing
Most clothes can be bought at reasonable prices. A tailor-made suit will cost approximately CYP £100. Children's and baby clothes are reasonably priced too. Ladies' and Gentlemen's leather shoes are of very high quality, and cost around CYP £20 per pair.
Alcohol and Tobacco
Cyprus offers an excellent selection of local and imported wines and spirits at very reasonable prices.
A good bottle of local red wine, for example Othello, costs around CYP £2 and a good medium sweet white wine, Thisbe, costs about the same. Another local speciality is the Cyprus Brandy, of which a good quality bottle may cost around CYP £3 or more.
The prices of cigarettes range from CYP £0.90 to CYP £1.90 for a pack of 20 with most brands available at kiosks and supermarkets.
Domestic Appliances
A wide variety of leading brand names are available at very competitive prices. For example a Washing Machine costs around CYP £300, a Tumble Dryer around CYP £250 and a Fridge-Freezer around CYP £350. All reputable companies offer a one-year warranty on their electrical goods.
Guide to Living in Cyprus
Church Services
Cyprus is a Greek Orthodox country but other nominations such as the Anglican and Roman Catholic Churches hold regular Sunday Services and other religious Services notably at Christmas and Easter.
Language
Obviously the main language spoken in Cyprus is Greek but over 85% of the population speaks English, as Cyprus was once a British Colony. Most shop signs, street signs and road signs are in both languages.
Temporary Residence Permit
Temporary Residence is easy to obtain subject to your application meeting certain requirements.
Application must be made to the Immigration Office together with a certificate from your local Bank showing that you have an external account and stating the balance. Obviously, the larger the balance the more favourably the application will be considered.
Banking Standards
The Cyprus banking system is similar to that of the English system. As a non-Cypriot you will need to open an external account.
There are many International Banks throughout the island and all major credit cards are accepted.
It is also advisable to make arrangements to have all your bills paid by standing order, especially especially when not living in Cyprus all the time.
Legal System
The Cyprus Legal System is very sophisticated and is based on the British System. Non-Cypriots buying property in Cyprus can proceed with confidence knowing that they can obtain their Title Deeds through their lawyer. Legal costs are very reasonable.
Education
There are Kindergarten, Junior and Secondary private (fee paying) schools available to both Cypriot and non-Cypriot students.
Should you wish your child to attend a Government school, a comprehensive knowledge of the Greek language is essential.
The international School of Paphos is well established with a reputation of a high standard of examination results.
The Family Pets
Should you intend to bring your dog or cat lo Cyprus they must have had all the necessary vaccinations and health checks before leaving your country. The system known as Pet Tagging has been adopted throughout the EU.
Making Friends
Cypriot people are famous for their friendliness and hospitality and there are plenty of social events and associations to help you meet new friends. By buying property from our company you are joining a family of more than one thousand existing clients whom you may contact through our Customer Service Department.
Going Out
If you are looking for a fun night out, then Kato Paphos is the place to be. There are a number of cafes, restaurants and ice-cream parlours along the harbour. Close to the seafront, in Ayiou Antoniou Street, known locally as night life street, are many bars, restaurants and discos to suit all ages.
Properties for Sale in Cyprus
